In General
A citizen of a foreign country who seeks to enter the United States generally must first obtain a U.S. visa, which is placed in the traveler’s passport, a travel document issued by the traveler’s country of citizenship.
Certain international travelers may be eligible to travel to the United States without a visa if they meet the requirements for visa-free travel. The Visa section of this website is all about U.S. visas for foreign citizens to travel to the United States.
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A visa is the name given to the permission that the United States issues a person, under certain conditions, to enter the United States. Visas can be characterized or differentiated according to the requirements that need to be met, the limitations the visa bears, the permissions the visa allows, non-immigrant visas vs immigrant visas, and the length of the visa.
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Visas and immigration to the United States can be divided into three main categories:
Tourism related visas
Work related visas
A Permanent Resident Visa (also known as a "Green Card")
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TN/TD Visas
Are a non-immigrant type of visa also known as Canadian and Mexican NAFTA professional workers visas.
The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) created special economic and trade relationships for the United States, Canada, and Mexico.
The TN visa allows citizens of Canada and Mexico, as NAFTA professionals, to work in the United States in pre-arranged business activities for U.S. or foreign employers. Permanent residents of Canada and Mexico are not able to apply for TN visas to work as NAFTA professionals.
Canadians and Mexicans may be eligible to work in the United States as NAFTA professionals under the following conditions: Applicant is a citizen of Canada or Mexico; Profession is on the NAFTA list; Position in the United States requires a NAFTA professional; Applicant will work in a pre-arranged full-time or part-time job for an employer (self employment is not permitted); Applicant has the qualifications, meeting the specific requirements, education, and/or experience, of the profession. With some exceptions, each profession requires a baccalaureate degree as an entry-level requirement. If a baccalaureate is required, experience cannot be substituted for that degree. In some professions, an alternative to a bachelor's degree is listed. For some professions, experience is required in addition to the degree.
Requirements for Canadian Citizens: to perform this type of work in the United States, a visa is not required for a Canadian citizen entering as a NAFTA Professional, although a visa can be issued to qualified Canadian TN visa applicant upon request; A Canadian citizen without a TN visa can apply for TN nonimmigrant status at a U.S. port-of-entry; A Canadian who resides in a third country with a non-Canadian spouse and/or children, and who plans to enter the United States as a NAFTA professional with family members, will need a TN visa in order for the family member(s) to be eligible to apply for derivative TD nonimmigrant visas.
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